Double-shed loom



Dec. 13, 1938. H. KHLER ET' A.. 2,140,134

DOUBLE SHED LOOM Filed April 28, 1937 Patented Dec. 13, 1938 UNH'E'ED STATES PATENT oFFicE Saxony,

Germany Applicatioixil April 28, 1937, Serial No. 139,494l

Germany d Claims..

The invention relates to double-shed looms,

i. e. looms of the class in,- which two shuttles are thr from opposite sides of the loom, one

leaving its thread in the upper and the other in i the lower of two sheds formed in the warp, for

the purpose oi increasing the output of the loom.

There is only a single shuttle-box provided at each end of the lay, this shuttle-box changing its position while the shuttles travel through i@ their sheds.v

Constructions of this/kind have ben used so far in connection with. looms for weaving seamless bags or other tubular or hose-shaped fabrics in which two shuttles are simultaneously thrown il@ through the double-sheds in opposite directions.

In these looms the position of the shuttle-boxes has been changed in the interval between the throwing and receiving of the shuttle on the one hand and after receivingy of the shuttles in the shuttle-boxes on the other hand, so that the shuttle' which first travelled through the upper shedA travels through the lower shed in the next shuttie-stroke, while the shuttle first having passed through the lower shed now enters into the upper Z shed.

A similar process has been used in weaving double-plush fabrics with two shuttles, for the purpose of introducing alternatively fine and coarse weft threads into the fabric while retaining the method of weaving with two shuttles. In the first mentioned case the connection between the borders of the two layers of fabric thus resulting was intended for the production of seamless bags, while in the second instance this 85 connection was not detrimental, since the weft threads passing over from'the upper to the under cloth and vice versa could be cut by the interposed knife holder without impairing the market value of the fabric. The movement of the shut- 4D tle-boxes required for this type of weaving has Ybeen effected partly by grooved cams separately provided for each side, partly also groovedcams or eccentrics in combination with balance levers or arms, oppositely swinging angle levers and draw-bar systems havev been used in order to do with a single grooved cam for both sides. Also cranks driven by partly toothed wheels are known for the purpose of driving the said cross weft changing boxes. A

Compared to arrangements with two shuttles and two superposed stationary shuttle-boxes at each end of the lay such as used for twin looms, double-plush, moquette and carpet looms the single-cell cross-wisely operated movable shut-A tles offer the advantage that they permit of in- April 28, 1936 spection by the weaver as regards the quantity 0f thread still available in the two shuttles.

It is the object of the invention, to secure this advantage also for the production of fabrics by means of two shuttles which strictly require a 5 solid selvedge at both sides. To this end the control device for the shuttle boxes is so provided that the position of the shuttle-boxes is changed only in the interval between the discharging and receiving of the shuttles. Thus, one of the two 10 shuttles is caused to pass always onlyl through the upper shed, while the other shuttle is always discharged only through the lower shed. The fabric is thus provided with the desirable solid selvedge without necessitating double-cell shuttle 15 boxes at each end of the lay which would hinder the free inspection It is thus possible to use the lay with the cross weft changing device also for double carpet looms or for twin looms in which the upper weft thread has another colour than the under weft thread (Umbra-drill and similar cloth). In case of high pile plush, such as used, for instance, for covering or lining of toy animals, the new apparatus and process moreover offers the advantage that the position of the shuttle box can always be easily adapted to the middle shed position by shnply increasing the stroke of the shuttle box, while in case of two stationary shuttle boxes at each end'of the lay the height of the upper box has to be regulated by interposinsr additional spacing members in the back wail of the shuttle box.

'Ihe shuttle box'motion is so constructed that the short changing motions w111 be effected with 35 the highest possible precision, avoiding additional motions of the shuttle box with respect to the lay and vibrations of thev machine parts which would impair the safety of operation. Moreover provision has been made for using ourl new device instead of the aforementioned known devices, also for weaving seamless bags and double plush with two kinds of weft thread.

I'he invention will be betterunderstood by reference to the following detailed description in connection with the accompanying drawing, showing by way of example and diagrammatically an embodiment of the invention.

We have only shownl in the drawing such parts of a loom of the class referred to as are necessary '5 to enable those skilled in the art to which our improvements belong to understand the construction and operation of the same.

Referring to the drawing,

Figure 1*, Figure 1b, Figure 1 and ll'lgure'ltl 55 illustrate the four phases'of the new `worl'ring method;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the right hand end of the lay with our new control system;

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the left hand end of the lay: v

Fig. -4 yis a grooved cam of a type known per se to be used in combination with our .new and improved control system;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary view, showing the comf bined arrangement of two diierent grooved cams to be moved alternately into driving position with respect to the control lever;

Fig. 6 shows another type of'grooved cam.

As our invention relates only to our improvements in looms of the kind referred to, it will not be necessary to particularly describe the con-l struction and operation of the other parts of the loom which may be of any usual and wellknown construction and operation.

As indicated in Figures 1"---1d of the drawing,'

a single cell shuttle change box I of known kind is disposed at the right handend of the lay, and a similar single cell shuttle change box 2 is disposed at the left hand end of the lay. The upper and `lower sheds are indicated by dotted lines. The upper shuttle 8 is represented by an arrow and the lower shuttle l by an arrow having a dash at its end. 'I'he operation of our novel device is as follows:

If the rst pair of weft threads is to be inserted, the left hand shuttle box 2 is in its lower -position and the right hand shuttle box I is in its upper position (position Figure I). Now, the lower shuttle I is discharged, through the lower shed, towards the right and the upper shuttle 8 is discharged through the upper shed towards the left. Having discharged the shuttles l and 4, the shuttle boxes I, 2, change their position the upper shed and the lower shuttle 4 through the lower shed (position Figure 1) Immediately after the discharge of the shuttles the position of the shuttle boxes I, 2 is again changed so that on arrival of the shuttles the left hand shuttle box 2 is ready for receiving the lower shuttle and the right hand shuttle box I is ready for receiving the upper shuttle (position Figure 1d). 'Ihis operation is now repeated. The four phases of the operation will be clear from Figures l-1b, showing that theJ upper shuttle 3 always travels only through the upper shed and the lower shuttle l passes always only through the lower shed. Hence/the shuttles are operated in the desired manner. Compared to the known cross shuttle change motions the device offers the advantage that it works with half of the change strokes and thus permits of a quicker operation of the looms provided therewith. v

In order to` eect the aforedescribed niovements the construction shown in Figs. 2 and 3 has been provided. The single cell shuttle boxes I of the right and 2 of the left hand side are guided in customary manner at the front-ends of the lay 8 which is supported by the lay arms 8 and 1. .Avshaft 9 is rotatably mounted on the lay arms 8 and 1,

above the lay shaft 8 which is rotatably Sup- Contrary to the known lays having cross ported in a stationary bearing. Fast on shaft S is a lever i@ which is connected, by a draw-bar II witha two-armed lever I2, I3 which is operated from a grooved cam I1, by its roller I6. The stroke of the draw-bar ii can be adjusted by changing the point of attachment in a slot I5 of the lever arm l2. Levers I8 and I9 are fast on the shaft S, lever I8 being directed to the rear and lever I9 to the front end of the loom. The levers IB, I8 are connected, by short drawbars 2G, 2l, respectively, with the lower ends 22 and 23 respectively, of the rods 24 and 25, carrying the shuttle boxes. Guiding slots 21, swinging with the lay arms 6 and 1 are provided for guiding the lower ends 22 and 23' of the rods 24-and 25, respectively. The eiective length of the lever I0 is equalto the distance between the axes of shafts 8 and S. By this arrangement and due to the considerablelength of draw-bar II the stationary position of the shuttle boxes in their end positions with respect to the lay is absolutely ensured which is an important expedient in order to secure a good run of the shuttles, in view of the particular operation of looms with cross shuttle motion. 'I'he aforedescribed particular combination of the driving members with the shaft 9 which swings together with the lay, permits of the usev of very short levers IIJ, I8, I9, thus obviating undesirable dynamic or inertia effects which would cause, in case of quick operation, undesirable vibrations and hence detrimentally affect the run of the shuttles, this disadvantage being known from the cross shuttle looms hitherto used.

V The operation of our novel device hereinbefore described is as follows;

The'two-armed lever I2, I 3 is reciprocated by the grooved cam I1, in the desired manner, and

in turn drives, by the draw bar II and lever I 0,

the shaftl and the levers I8, I9. The shuttle boxes I, 2 are thus simultaneously moved in opposite vertical directions. ,C

The stroke of the shuttle boxes can be adjusted by displacing the end of the draw bar II in the slot I5 of the lever arm I2.

Our invention also comprises the combination of our novel shuttle box motion with the known shuttle box motion for cross shuttle operation. To this end a grooved cam 29 oi' the kind shown in Fig. 4 and known per se may be mounted on shaft 28 oppositely to the grooved cam I1 in the manner shown in Figure 5, acting upon an additional roller I6' on arm I8 of the control lever. Now, by axially displacing the grooved cams on shaft 28 either of the two cams can be engaged with the lever arm I8. By providing an automatic control for the displacing movement of the cams I1 and 29 the operation of the shuttle boxes can be periodically changed from ordinary cross shuttle operation to our novel cross shuttle operation, if desired.`

Another possibility of combining the old and new operation is represented in Fig. 6, showing a grooved cam which is intended for inserting periodically by one shuttle two wefts into the upper shed and two wefts into the under shed. To this end, the cam 80 makes one revolution while the two shuttles move four times from shuttle box I to shuttle box 2 in opposite directions.- It will be seen that the groove in cam 38 is so curved that the lever arm I 8 is operated to carry out six strokes during one revolution of the cam 30, i. e. dwelling in its-extreme outer or inner positions respectively for a'longer period while passing along the curve portions Il* 3| and 32 so that during this period the shuttle boxes do not change their position while holding the shuttles.

In a similar way, any other sequence of shuttle motions can be obtained by using suitable cams. For instance in case of three wefts of one shuttle through the' upper. shed in periodic succession with three Wefts of the same shuttle through the under shed a grooved cam would have to be used making one revolution during six passages of the two shuttles through the fabric.

While we have herein shown and described certain preferred embodiments of our invention,

we wish it to be understood that we do not confine ourselves to all the precise details herein set forth by wayv of illustration, as modification and variation may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the appended claims.

We claimz- L In a double-shed loom, a lay. a single cell shuttle box at each side of the lay. two shuttles adapted to be simultaneously thrown through the sheds from opposite sides of the loom,'means for moving the shuttle boxes alternately up and down and means for controlling said up and down movement to occur only during the passage of the shuttles through the sheds and retaining said shuttle boxes in their vposition while the shuttles are in said shuttle boxes.

2. In a double-shed loom, a lay, a single cell shuttle box at each side of the lay, two shuttles adapted to be simultaneously thrown through the sheds from opposite sides of the loom, a rotatable cam and a control lever coacting with said cam for moving the shuttle boxes alternately up and down during the passage of Jthe shuttles through the sheds only and retaining said shuttle boxesfin their positionwhile the shuttles are in said shuttle boxes.

3. In a double-shed loom, a lay, a lay shaft, a. single cell shuttle box at each side of the lay. driving rods for the shuttle boxes, two shuttles adapted to be simultaneously thrown through the sheds from opposite sides of the loom, lay arms on both sides of the lay, a shaft rotatably mount- 'ed in said lay arms, a driving lever with a length equal to the distance between said shaft and the lay shaft fast on said shaft, and two further levers fast on said shaft at opposite sides ofthe the loom respectively, said two further levers acting on the driving rods of the shuttle boxes. f 4. In a double-shed loom, a lay, a single cell shuttle box at each side of the lay, driving rods for the shuttle boxes, two shuttles adapted to be simultaneously thrown through the sheds from opposite sides of the loom, lay arms on both sides of the lay, a shaft rotatably mounted in said lay arms, a driving levervfast on said shaft, and two further levers fast on said shaft at opposite sides of the lay and directed to the rear andto the front of the loom respectively, said two further levers acting on the lower ends ofthe said driving rods, said lower ends being guided k in slots disposed in projections of thelay.

5. In a double-shed loom, a lay, a single cell shuttle box at each side of the lay, two shuttles adapted to be simultaneously thrown through the sheds from opposite sides of the loom, a driving shaft, two cams slidable on said driving shaft, and a control lever adapted to engage either of said two cams, whereby the shuttle boxes are moved alternately up and down, either during the passage of the shuttles through the sheds only when the control lever engages one of the cams and during each passage of the shuttles through the sheds or while the shuttles are in the shuttle boxes, when the control lever engages the other cam.

6. In a double-shed loom, a lay, a Asingle cell shuttle box at each side of the lay, two shuttles adapted to be simultaneously thrown through the sheds from opposite sides of the loom, a rotatable cam and a control lever coacting with said cam for moving the shuttle boxes alternately up and down during the passage of the shuttles through the sheds, said cam comprising curved portions adapted to control said control lever, for effecting av change of the shuttle box position each time when the shuttles travel through the sheds and while the shuttles are in the shuttle boxes and further curved portions adapted to hold said control lever in a stationary position While the shuttles are in the shuttle boxes, said curved portions forming one closed endless path.

f HERMANN Koruna.

KARL PETZOLDT. 

